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Yes [1]. October 25, August 1, November 2, March 28, August 29, March 10, Microsoft Exchange Server Outlook on the web. April 11, Microsoft Project Server.

Office Web Apps Server. March 28, November 19, Skype for Business Server. December 29, Microsoft Binder. August 24, August 19, April 14, January 31, Microsoft Clip Organizer. April 21, December 15, Microsoft Data Analyzer.

January 15, Microsoft Equation Editor. Microsoft Exchange Client. Microsoft Expression Web. Gigjam Preview. In the July issue of Kilobaud Microcomputing , publisher Wayne Green stated that "the best consumer ads I've seen have been those by Apple. They are attention-getting, and they must be prompting sale. Apple Computer, the fast growing Californian manufacturer of small computers for the consumer, business and educational markets, is planning to go public later this year.

Founded about five years ago as a small workshop business, it has become the second largest manufacturer of small computers, after the Radio Shack division of the Tandy company. In January , Apple held its first shareholders meeting as a public company in the Flint Center , a large auditorium at nearby De Anza College which is often used for symphony concerts to handle the larger numbers of shareholders post-IPO.

The business of the meeting had been planned so that the voting could be staged in 15 minutes or less. In most cases, voting proxies are collected by mail and counted days or months before a meeting. In this case, after the IPO, many shares were in new hands. Steve Jobs started his prepared speech, but after being interrupted by voting several times, he dropped his prepared speech and delivered a long, emotionally charged talk about betrayal, lack of respect, and related topics.

While IBM began with one microcomputer, little available hardware or software, and a couple of hundred dealers, Apple had five times as many dealers in the US and an established international distribution network. The Apple II had an installed base of more than , customers, and hundreds of independent developers offered software and peripherals; at least ten databases and ten word processors were available, while the PC had no databases and one word processor.

The company's customers gained a reputation for devotion and loyalty. BYTE in stated that [80]. There are two kinds of people in the world: people who say Apple isn't just a company, it's a cause; and people who say Apple isn't a cause, it's just a company. Both groups are right. Nature has suspended the principle of noncontradiction where Apple is concerned. Apple is more than just a company because its founding has some of the qualities of myth Apple is two guys in a garage undertaking the mission of bringing computing power, once reserved for big corporations, to ordinary individuals with ordinary budgets.

The company's growth from two guys to a billion-dollar corporation exemplifies the American Dream. The magazine noted that the loyalty was not entirely positive for Apple; customers were willing to overlook real flaws in its products, even while comparing the company to a higher standard than for competitors. It took them a full year to realize what had happened". The II still sold well, [78] with Apple being the leading computer manufacturer in the United States where 7 million units were sold between and Apple Computer's business division was focused on the Apple III, another iteration of the text-based computer.

Simultaneously the Lisa group worked on a new machine that would feature a completely different interface and introduce the words mouse , icon , and desktop into the lexicon of the computing public. The first iteration of Apple's WIMP interface was a floppy disk where files could be spatially moved around. After months of usability testing, Apple designed the Lisa interface of windows and icons.

Because of the high price, Lisa failed to penetrate the business market. By computer dealers saw Apple as the only clear alternative to IBM's influence; [93] some even promoted its products to reduce dependence on the PC.

And you'll see why won't be like On the same day, an emotional Jobs introduced the computer to a wildly enthusiastic audience at Apple's annual shareholders meeting held in the Flint Auditorium; [] [] Macintosh engineer Andy Hertzfeld described the scene as "pandemonium".

The Macintosh was too radical for some, who labeled it a mere "toy". Because the machine was entirely designed around the GUI, existing text-mode and command-driven applications had to be redesigned and the programming code rewritten; this was a challenging undertaking that many software developers shied away from, and resulted in an initial lack of software for the new system.

It was not successful. While , people participated, dealers disliked the promotion, the supply of computers was insufficient for demand, and many were returned in such a bad shape that they could no longer be sold. The former favored open architecture computers like the Apple II, sold to education, small business, and home markets less vulnerable to IBM. This frustrated Wozniak, who left active employment at Apple early that same year to pursue other ventures, stating that the company had "been going in the wrong direction for the last five years" and sold most of his stock.

In April , Sculley decided to remove Jobs as the general manager of the Macintosh division, and gained unanimous support from the Apple board of directors. Jobs, while taking the position of Chairman of the firm, had no influence over Apple's direction and subsequently resigned from Apple in September and took a number of capable Apple employees with him to found NeXT Inc.

NeXT Inc. While not a commercial success, due in part to its high price, the NeXT computer would introduce important concepts to the history of the personal computer including serving as the initial platform for Tim Berners-Lee as he was developing the World Wide Web. Sculley reorganized the company, unifying sales and marketing in one division and product operations and development in another. This was due to its introduction of desktop publishing and later computer animation through Apple's partnership with Adobe Systems , which introduced the laser printer and Adobe PageMaker.

Indeed, the Macintosh would become known as the de facto platform for many industries including cinema, music, advertising, publishing, and the arts. Under leadership of John Sculley , Apple issued its first corporate stock dividend on May 11, A month later on June 16, Apple stock split for the first time in a split. Apple kept a quarterly dividend with about 0. Apple continued to sell both lines of its computers, the Apple II and the Macintosh.

Even with the release of the first Macintosh, Apple II computers remained the main source of income for Apple for years. At the same time, the Mac was becoming a product family of its own. Meanwhile, Apple attempted its first portable Macs: the failed Macintosh Portable in and then the more popular PowerBook in , a landmark product that established the modern form and ergonomic layout of the laptop. Popular products and increasing revenues made this a good time for Apple. MacAddict magazine has called to the "first golden age" of the Macintosh.

On February 19, , Apple registered the " Apple. However, these new lines were marketed poorly by what was now "arguably one of the worst-managed companies in the industry". The excess of arbitrary model numbers confused many consumers and hurt Apple's reputation for simplicity.

Compounding matters was the fact that, although the machines were cheaper than a comparable PC when taken into account all the components built-in that had to be added to the 'bare bones PC' , the poor marketing gave the impression that the machines were more expensive. These processors used a RISC architecture, which differed substantially from the Motorola X0 series that were used by all previous Macs. Parts of Apple's operating system software were rewritten so that most software written for older Macs could run in emulation on the PowerPC series.

In addition to computers, Apple has also produced consumer devices. In Apple launched eWorld , an online service providing email, news and a bulletin board system to replace AppleLink. It was shut down in In a decision was made to officially start licensing the Mac OS and Macintosh ROMs to 3rd party manufacturers who started producing Macintosh "clones".

This was done in order to achieve deeper market penetration and extra revenue for the company. However, the Clonintoshes were competing with Apple's own Mac's and reduced Apple's own sales. Jobs promptly found a loophole in the licensing contracts Apple had with the clone manufacturers and terminated the Macintosh OS licensing program, ending the Macintosh clone era. During the 90's, Apple was trying to develop a new operating system that would replace System 7 , which was already seen as outdated.

The new operating system project was nicknamed Pink and Apple tried to develop a new OS. Afterwards, Apple started project Copland , but it was affected by Feature creep due to software planned for Taligent having to be hastily reworked for Copland and subsequently Development hell. Ultimately, Apple decided that Copland would never ship as is and it was scrapped.

Hancock reportedly was in favor of going with Solaris, while Amelio preferred Windows. Fred D. Anderson was the head of the directors in short term and obtained short-term working capital from the banks in July On November 10, , Apple introduced the Apple Store , an online retail store based upon the WebObjects application server the company had acquired in its purchase of NeXT.

The new direct sales outlet was also tied to a new build-to-order manufacturing strategy. As part of the deal, Apple and Microsoft agreed to settle a long-standing dispute over whether Microsoft's Windows operating system infringed on any of Apple's patents. Microsoft chairman Bill Gates appeared at the expo on-screen, further explaining Microsoft's plans for the software they were developing for Mac, and stating that he was very excited to be helping Apple return to success.

After this, Steve Jobs said this to the audience at the expo:. If we want to move forward and see Apple healthy and prospering again, we have to let go of a few things here.

We have to let go of this notion that for Apple to win, Microsoft has to lose. We have to embrace a notion that for Apple to win, Apple has to do a really good job. And if others are going to help us that's great, because we need all the help we can get, and if we screw up and we don't do a good job, it's not somebody else's fault, it's our fault.

So I think that is a very important perspective. If we want Microsoft Office on the Mac, we better treat the company that puts it out with a little bit of gratitude; we'd like their software. So, the era of setting this up as a competition between Apple and Microsoft is over as far as I'm concerned.

This is about getting Apple healthy, this is about Apple being able to make incredibly great contributions to the industry and to get healthy and prosper again. Apple CFO Fred Anderson stated that Apple would use the additional funds to invest in its core markets of education and creative content. While discontinuing Apple's licensing of its operating system to third-party computer manufacturers, one of Jobs's first moves as new acting CEO was to develop the iMac , which bought Apple time to restructure.

The line became a sales smash, moving about one million units each year. It also helped re-introduce Apple to the media and public and announced the company's new emphasis on the design and aesthetics of its products. Also that year, Apple unveiled the iBook , its first consumer-oriented laptop that was also the first Macintosh to support the use of Wireless LAN via the optional AirPort card that was based on the To aid users in transitioning their applications from Mac OS 9 , the new operating system allowed the use of Mac OS 9 applications through the Classic environment.

In May , after much speculation, Apple announced the opening of a line of Apple retail stores, to be located throughout the major U.

The stores were designed for two primary purposes: to stem the tide of Apple's declining share of the computer market and to respond to poor marketing of Apple products at third-party retail outlets. In October , Apple introduced its first iPod portable digital audio player.

Then iPod started as a 5 gigabyte player capable of storing around songs. Since then it has evolved into an array of products including the Mini now discontinued , the iPod Touch , the Shuffle now discontinued , the iPod Classic also discontinued , the Nano now discontinued , the iPhone and the iPad. Since March , the largest storage capacity for an iPod has been gigabytes.

The iPod gave an enormous lift to Apple's financial results. The new iMac G4 design had a white hemispherical base and a flat panel all-digital display supported by a swiveling chrome neck. After several iterations increasing the processing speed and screen sizes from 15" to 17" to 20" the iMac G4 was discontinued and replaced by the iMac G5 in the summer of In , Apple also released the Xserve 1U rack mounted server.

Originally featuring two G4 chips, the Xserve was unusual for Apple in two ways. It represented an earnest effort to enter the enterprise computer market and it was also relatively cheaper than similar machines released by its competitors. Its all-metal anodized aluminum chassis finished Apple's transition away from colored plastics in their computers.

Apple claims this was the first bit computer sold to the general public. The Power Mac G5 was also used by Virginia Tech to build its prototype System X supercomputing cluster, which at the time was considered the third-fastest supercomputer in the world. Apple's Xserves were soon updated to use the G5 as well.

They replaced the Power Mac G5 machines as the main building block of Virginia Tech 's System X , which was ranked in November as the world's seventh-fastest supercomputer. A new iMac based on the G5 processor was unveiled August 31, and was made available in mid-September.

This model dispensed with the base altogether, placing the CPU and the rest of the computing hardware behind the flat-panel screen, which is suspended from a streamlined aluminum foot.

This new iMac, dubbed the iMac G5 , was the "world's thinnest desktop computer", [] measuring in at around two inches around 5 centimeters. After creating a sizable financial base to work with, the company began experimenting with new parts from new suppliers. As a result, Apple was able to produce new designs quickly over a short amount of time, with the release of the iPod Video, then the iPod Classic, and eventually the iPod touch and iPhone.

Apple's wildly successful PowerBook and iBook products relied on Apple's previous generation G4 architecture, which was produced by Freescale Semiconductor , a spin-off from Motorola. This processor contains two cores in one rather than have two separate processors. Apple has also developed the Power Mac G5 Quad that uses two of the Dual-Core processors for enhanced workstation power and performance. The new Power Mac G5 Dual cores run individually at 2.

The Power Mac G5 Quad cores run individually at 2. Ginza was followed by a store in Osaka , Japan in August Another store was opened in Sapporo in A store in the Bullring shopping centre in Birmingham opened in April , and the Bluewater shopping centre in Dartford , Kent opened in July Also, in an effort to court a broader market, Apple opened several "mini" stores in October in an attempt to capture markets where demand does not necessarily dictate a full-scale store.

These stores follow in the footsteps of the successful Apple products: iPod mini and Mac mini. These stores are only one half the square footage of the smallest "normal" store and thus can be placed in several smaller markets. In , Apple introduced its iTools service, a set of free web-based tools that included an email account, internet greeting cards called iCards, a service called iReview that gave internet users a place to read and write reviews of Web sites, and a tool called KidSafe that promised to prevent children from browsing inappropriate portions of the web.

The latter two services were eventually canceled because of lack of success, while iCards and email became integrated into Apple's. Mac subscription-based service introduced in and discontinued in mid to make way for the release of the new MobileMe service, coinciding with the iPhone 3G release.

Some controversy surrounded the release of MobileMe services to users resulting in expected downtime and a significantly longer release window. As a result of this, Apple extended the subscriptions of existing MobileMe subscribers by an additional 30 days free-of-charge.

This service kept most of the core services that MobileMe offered, however dropping iDisk, Gallery, and iWeb. The iTunes Music Store was launched in April , with 2 million downloads in the first 16 days. Music was purchased through the iTunes application, which was initially Macintosh-only; in October , support for Windows was added. Initially, the music store was only available in the United States due to licensing restrictions. A version for Canada opened in December The download was The Complete U2 , by U2.

Briefly, people in New Zealand were able to buy music off the Australian store. However, that loophole was quickly closed. On February 23, , the iTunes Music Store sold its 1 billionth song. Since iTunes' inception, it has sold over 2 billion songs, 1. Since downloadable TV and movie content was added 50 million TV episodes and 1. In early , Apple celebrated the 10 billionth song downloaded from the iTunes Music Store. In a keynote address on June 6, , Steve Jobs officially announced that Apple would begin producing Intel-based Macintosh computers beginning in This introduction came with the news that Apple would complete the transition to Intel processors on all hardware by the end of , a year ahead of the originally quoted schedule.

On January 9, , Apple Computer, Inc. In his Macworld Expo keynote address, Steve Jobs explained that with their current product mix consisting of the iPod and Apple TV as well as their Macintosh brand, Apple really wasn't just a computer company anymore. At the same address, Jobs revealed a product that would revolutionize an industry in which Apple had never previously competed: the Apple iPhone.

The iPhone combined Apple's first widescreen iPod with the world's first mobile device boasting visual voicemail, and an internet communicator able to run a fully-functional version of Apple's web browser, Safari , on the then-named iPhone OS later renamed iOS. It was another 12 months before the iPhone 3G became available on July 11, This month iteration cycle has continued with the iPhone 4 model arriving in similar fashion in , a Verizon model was released in February , and a Sprint model in October , shortly after Jobs' death.

Now two iPod types are multi-touch: the iPod nano and the iPod touch, a big advance in technology. Apple has also gone wireless, selling a wireless trackpad, keyboard, mouse, and external hard drive.

Wired accessories are, however, still available. The Apple iPad was announced on January 27, , with retail availability commencing in April and systematically growing in markets throughout The iPad fits into Apple's iOS product line, being twice the screen size of an iPhone without the phone abilities.

While there were initial fears of product cannibalization the FY financial results released in Jan included commentary of a reverse 'halo' effect, where iPad sales were leading to increased sales of iMacs and MacBooks. Since , Apple's revenues, profits, and stock price have grown significantly. On May 26, , Apple's stock market value overtook Microsoft's, [] [] [] and Apple's revenues surpassed those of Microsoft in the third quarter of The Guardian reported that one of the reasons for the change was because PC software, where Microsoft dominates, has become less important compared to the tablet and smartphone markets, where Apple has a strong presence.

On March 2, , Apple unveiled the iPad's second-generation model, the iPad 2. Like the 4th generation iPod Touch and iPhone, the iPad 2 comes with a front-facing camera as well as a rear-facing camera, along with three new apps that utilize these new features: Camera, FaceTime , and Photo Booth. On October 29, , Apple announced structural changes to increase collaboration between hardware, software, and services.

The most notable short term difference of this restructuring was the launch of iOS 7 , the first version of the operating system to use a drastically different design to its predecessors, headed by Jony Ive.

During this time, Apple released the iPhone 5 , the first iPhone to have a screen larger than 3. They released the iPad 3rd generation with Retina Display, followed by the iPad 4th generation just half a year later.

The iPad Mini was announced alongside the iPad 4th gen, and was the first to feature a smaller screen than 9. This was followed by the iPad Mini 2 with Retina Display in , alongside the iPad Air , a continuation of the original 9. Apple also released various major Mac updates, including the MacBook Pro with Retina Display , [] whilst also discontinuing the original MacBook range for a short period, before reintroducing it in with various new features, a Retina Display and a new design that implemented USB-C , while removing all other ports.

On November 25, , Apple acquired a company called PrimeSense. On September 9, , Apple announced the Apple Watch , the first new product range since the departure of Steve Jobs. The Apple Watch received mixed reviews, with critics suggesting that whilst the device showed promise, it lacked a clear purpose, similar to many of the devices already on the market. On September 7, , Apple announced the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus with an improved camera and a faster processor than the previous generation.

The iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus have high storage options. On March 21, , Apple announced the iPad Apple also released the new On September 12, , at the Steve Jobs Theater , Apple introduced the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus with better camera features, more improvements in product design , user experience , performance and more, and announced the iPhone X with facial recognition technology and wireless charging.

They also announced the Apple Watch Series 4, running watchOS 5 , with an all-new design and larger display as well as many more health-related features. In , Bloomberg News reported that, as early as , a specialized unit of China's People's Liberation Army began inserting chips into Supermicro servers that allowed for backdoor access to them.

The iPhone 11 Pro is also the first iPhone to feature three cameras. In November , the first Mac's with Apple silicon were launched. In April , the M1-powered iPad was launched, along with a new M1-powered iMac offered in 7 colors, recalling the 1st generation: Tray-loading iMacs offered in 5 colors announced in They didn't change much from the previous iPhone As cash reserves increased significantly in , Apple created Braeburn Capital on April 6, , to manage its assets.

The stock has split 2 for 1 three times on June 15, , June 21, , and February 28, Apple initially paid dividends from June 15, , to December 15, Piper Jaffray estimates future stock and revenue of Apple annually, and have been doing so for several years.

Complete Documentation since From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For more general information about the company, see Apple Inc. Created by Rob Janoff in , the Apple logo with the rainbow scheme was used from April of that year [22] until August 26, Main article: Apple II series.

Apple II Plus , designed primarily by Wozniak. Disk II , also designed by Wozniak. Main article: Apple III. Main article: Apple Lisa. Main articles: Macintosh and television commercial. See also: List of mergers and acquisitions by Apple.

See also: Timeline of Macintosh models. This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources.

Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. October Learn how and when to remove this template message. Main article: Mac OS X. Main article: Apple Store. Main article: iPod. Main article: iTunes Store. Main article: Mac transition to Intel processors. Main articles: iOS , iPhone , and iPad.

Archived from the original PDF on March 28, Retrieved January 28, February 7, Archived from the original on July 24, Retrieved June 25, The New York Times. September 17, Retrieved June 27, San Francisco Chronicle. BBC News. August 2, Retrieved September 19, October 31, Retrieved November 4, Steve Jobs. Simon and Schuster.

ISBN Apple Confidential 2.